As you can get the diskutil output also as property list this is a solution using NSPropertyListSerialization of the Foundation framework.
The result is in the variable diskNames
use AppleScript version "2.4" -- Yosemite (10.10) or later
use framework "Foundation"
use scripting additions
property |⌘| : a reference to current application
set nsListDisks to |⌘|'s NSString's stringWithString:(do shell script "diskutil list -plist")
set diskData to nsListDisks's dataUsingEncoding:(|⌘|'s NSUTF8StringEncoding)
set {discInfo, plistError} to |⌘|'s NSPropertyListSerialization's propertyListWithData:diskData options:0 format:(missing value) |error|:(reference)
if plistError is not missing value then display dialog plistError buttons {"Cancel"} default button 1
set diskNames to {}
set AllDisksAndPartitions to discInfo's objectForKey:"AllDisksAndPartitions"
set predicate to |⌘|'s NSPredicate's predicateWithFormat:"Content == 'Apple_HFS'"
repeat with aDisk in AllDisksAndPartitions
set partitions to (aDisk's objectForKey:"Partitions")
set hfsPartitions to ((partitions's filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate)'s valueForKey:"VolumeName") as list
set diskNames to diskNames & hfsPartitions
end repeat